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	<title>Comments on: Mixed-Use Downtown Development Puts Standard Malls&#8217; Tax Yield to Shame</title>
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	<link>http://citiwire.net/post/2133/</link>
	<description>Our mission... to reflect a new narrative for 21st century cities and regions. Leaving behind the 20th century pattern of cheap energy, endless automobility, burgeoning suburbs, threatened inner cities. To a challenge-packed 21st century: energy prices headed north, perilous carbon emissions, deepening have-have not divisions, excruciating social problems and deep challenges in education. But a time of exciting promise, too.</description>
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		<title>By: Lanny Bertley</title>
		<link>http://citiwire.net/post/2133/comment-page-1/#comment-2471</link>
		<dc:creator>Lanny Bertley</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 01 Mar 2011 13:37:49 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://citiwire.net/?p=2133#comment-2471</guid>
		<description>Cool</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Cool</p>
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		<title>By: NRJMike</title>
		<link>http://citiwire.net/post/2133/comment-page-1/#comment-1700</link>
		<dc:creator>NRJMike</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 20 Sep 2010 11:40:12 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://citiwire.net/?p=2133#comment-1700</guid>
		<description>I suppose if you are looking for a reason to hate big box outlets measuring property tax revenue per acre would give you a faux metric.  But it&#039;s really a case of apples and oranges.  Downtown mixed use is great if you are down town, which most big box units are not.  A more objective measure would be to look at the total tax base contributions, property and sales, generated on a per square foot of retail space.  Even then, the downtown locations will look inflated because of the increased property values downtown.  It&#039;s sort of like trying to compare the cost of living per acre for a neighborhood of single family homes versus a 12-story apartment building.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I suppose if you are looking for a reason to hate big box outlets measuring property tax revenue per acre would give you a faux metric.  But it&#8217;s really a case of apples and oranges.  Downtown mixed use is great if you are down town, which most big box units are not.  A more objective measure would be to look at the total tax base contributions, property and sales, generated on a per square foot of retail space.  Even then, the downtown locations will look inflated because of the increased property values downtown.  It&#8217;s sort of like trying to compare the cost of living per acre for a neighborhood of single family homes versus a 12-story apartment building.</p>
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		<title>By: Frank Gruber</title>
		<link>http://citiwire.net/post/2133/comment-page-1/#comment-1507</link>
		<dc:creator>Frank Gruber</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 17 Jul 2010 00:17:35 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://citiwire.net/?p=2133#comment-1507</guid>
		<description>Further in response to Michael K&#039;s comment, what&#039;s curious about that comment is that it somehow assumes that if you don&#039;t build the apartments, etc., in a dense environment, the people who need services will somehow disappear. They&#039;re going to live somewhere, needing schools, police, etc. Given the data on paying back infrastructure it&#039;s rather clear from the article that delivering those services in a dense, mixed-use environment is going to be more efficient than in separated-use sprawl.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Further in response to Michael K&#8217;s comment, what&#8217;s curious about that comment is that it somehow assumes that if you don&#8217;t build the apartments, etc., in a dense environment, the people who need services will somehow disappear. They&#8217;re going to live somewhere, needing schools, police, etc. Given the data on paying back infrastructure it&#8217;s rather clear from the article that delivering those services in a dense, mixed-use environment is going to be more efficient than in separated-use sprawl.</p>
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		<title>By: Matt</title>
		<link>http://citiwire.net/post/2133/comment-page-1/#comment-1503</link>
		<dc:creator>Matt</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 15 Jul 2010 23:11:07 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://citiwire.net/?p=2133#comment-1503</guid>
		<description>I live in Rancho Cucmaonga California, a suburb of Los Angeles.  Before the recession, my city was the 9th fastest growing city in the nation.  A few years ago the city decided to finally build our mall / downtown.  See the city is quite young, only 30 years old.  It is a planned community of 175,000 people but it does not have a &quot;downtown.&quot;  At first they wanted to build a traditional mall but instead went with a New York City firm&#039;s idea to build an open air upscale regional mixed use center called Victoria Gardens.  It is now one of the most successful malls in the nation with 20 million visitors per year and is one of the largest tourist attractions in all of California.  The mall is so popular that other nations such as France and South Korea are copying the downtown design for their newer cities.  

The mall is surrounded by surface parking but not for long.  Multiple office, condo, and hotel towers will replace the surrounding parking lots.  Parking structures will replace the former lots.  These will be some of the tallest buildings in the city at 12 stories and will house retail, housing, and office in one building.  

The city says it will only build up to 12 stories for now but the building heights are sure to change in the future surpassing 12 stories, going as high as 20.  The city also said that our full build-out population would be 150, 000 and as of today it is 175,000.  The city website says the city is nearing 200,000.  I knew they were giving us the low ball number.  I predict the city gets up to a quarter million souls.  

Anyways back to the mixed use buildings.  These buildings will include mixed uses such as:  large corporate headquarters, luxury condos, and even a five star hotel.  The high end shops along both main streets will add five levels of luxury condos above.  Though the mall already has three major department stores, another is also planned for the future phase.  There is a cultural center, a library, a movie theater, three department stores, plazas, fountains, gardens, parkways, stunning vistas, lighting, benches everywhere, trashcans, ashtrays, and the only Bass Pro Shop in California.  During Christmas there is a 100 ft Christmas Tree in the middle of Chaffey Square.

Last time I shopped there I was waiting outside one of the shops having a smoke.  I looked around at the beyond charming town square and realized that Rancho Cucamonga has a scaled down European style downtown.  I was very proud.  This is the kind of development that will be around in a hundred years with minimal updating.  

www.victoriagardensie.com</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I live in Rancho Cucmaonga California, a suburb of Los Angeles.  Before the recession, my city was the 9th fastest growing city in the nation.  A few years ago the city decided to finally build our mall / downtown.  See the city is quite young, only 30 years old.  It is a planned community of 175,000 people but it does not have a &#8220;downtown.&#8221;  At first they wanted to build a traditional mall but instead went with a New York City firm&#8217;s idea to build an open air upscale regional mixed use center called Victoria Gardens.  It is now one of the most successful malls in the nation with 20 million visitors per year and is one of the largest tourist attractions in all of California.  The mall is so popular that other nations such as France and South Korea are copying the downtown design for their newer cities.  </p>
<p>The mall is surrounded by surface parking but not for long.  Multiple office, condo, and hotel towers will replace the surrounding parking lots.  Parking structures will replace the former lots.  These will be some of the tallest buildings in the city at 12 stories and will house retail, housing, and office in one building.  </p>
<p>The city says it will only build up to 12 stories for now but the building heights are sure to change in the future surpassing 12 stories, going as high as 20.  The city also said that our full build-out population would be 150, 000 and as of today it is 175,000.  The city website says the city is nearing 200,000.  I knew they were giving us the low ball number.  I predict the city gets up to a quarter million souls.  </p>
<p>Anyways back to the mixed use buildings.  These buildings will include mixed uses such as:  large corporate headquarters, luxury condos, and even a five star hotel.  The high end shops along both main streets will add five levels of luxury condos above.  Though the mall already has three major department stores, another is also planned for the future phase.  There is a cultural center, a library, a movie theater, three department stores, plazas, fountains, gardens, parkways, stunning vistas, lighting, benches everywhere, trashcans, ashtrays, and the only Bass Pro Shop in California.  During Christmas there is a 100 ft Christmas Tree in the middle of Chaffey Square.</p>
<p>Last time I shopped there I was waiting outside one of the shops having a smoke.  I looked around at the beyond charming town square and realized that Rancho Cucamonga has a scaled down European style downtown.  I was very proud.  This is the kind of development that will be around in a hundred years with minimal updating.  </p>
<p><a href="http://www.victoriagardensie.com" rel="nofollow">http://www.victoriagardensie.com</a></p>
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		<title>By: Alex Lantsberg</title>
		<link>http://citiwire.net/post/2133/comment-page-1/#comment-1502</link>
		<dc:creator>Alex Lantsberg</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 15 Jul 2010 18:35:54 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://citiwire.net/?p=2133#comment-1502</guid>
		<description>i&#039;d love to see a similar analysis for california where the tax structure (in the eyes of many planners) promotes the fiscalization of land use and serves as a drag on the regional planning policies enacted as part of SB375</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>i&#8217;d love to see a similar analysis for california where the tax structure (in the eyes of many planners) promotes the fiscalization of land use and serves as a drag on the regional planning policies enacted as part of SB375</p>
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		<title>By: Peter Katz</title>
		<link>http://citiwire.net/post/2133/comment-page-1/#comment-1492</link>
		<dc:creator>Peter Katz</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 14 Jul 2010 09:34:50 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://citiwire.net/?p=2133#comment-1492</guid>
		<description>Places generate a lot of different municipal “costs.” Some are based primarily on area (mosquito spraying, for example), some are based on the number of people within a given area (toilet flushes), and some are based on both people and area, but conditioned by cultural and demographic factors (police, schools and social services to name a few). 

Each cost is paid for in different ways in different places. Typically mosquito spraying (a shared concern) is paid for through general fund taxation (since it’s important that it be dealt with at the community scale), whereas toilet flushes are paid with one’s individual water / sewer bill (the rest of us don’t care if your toilet doesn’t flush –to a point, that is). Policing is paid through general fund taxation, and schools through general fund taxation with some special funds often voted in on top of a base. There are so many local variables that it’s impossible to model the revenue side of this equation in any consistent way. 

That said, our sense is that with the huge disparity in the revenue numbers (you need to see these figures charted; the difference is not subtle, it’s huge), there are likely to be few factors other than schools that would likely overcome the difference. Indeed, schools will show far greater costs in suburban areas where there tends to be a lot more families with children, tipping the scales further in favor of mixed-use places in a “downtown” location.

But don’t take these examples to the bank. Our purpose here is not to pursue one form of development at the expense of others, as many communities do in an attempt to balance their budgets</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Places generate a lot of different municipal “costs.” Some are based primarily on area (mosquito spraying, for example), some are based on the number of people within a given area (toilet flushes), and some are based on both people and area, but conditioned by cultural and demographic factors (police, schools and social services to name a few). </p>
<p>Each cost is paid for in different ways in different places. Typically mosquito spraying (a shared concern) is paid for through general fund taxation (since it’s important that it be dealt with at the community scale), whereas toilet flushes are paid with one’s individual water / sewer bill (the rest of us don’t care if your toilet doesn’t flush –to a point, that is). Policing is paid through general fund taxation, and schools through general fund taxation with some special funds often voted in on top of a base. There are so many local variables that it’s impossible to model the revenue side of this equation in any consistent way. </p>
<p>That said, our sense is that with the huge disparity in the revenue numbers (you need to see these figures charted; the difference is not subtle, it’s huge), there are likely to be few factors other than schools that would likely overcome the difference. Indeed, schools will show far greater costs in suburban areas where there tends to be a lot more families with children, tipping the scales further in favor of mixed-use places in a “downtown” location.</p>
<p>But don’t take these examples to the bank. Our purpose here is not to pursue one form of development at the expense of others, as many communities do in an attempt to balance their budgets</p>
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		<title>By: John B.</title>
		<link>http://citiwire.net/post/2133/comment-page-1/#comment-1490</link>
		<dc:creator>John B.</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 13 Jul 2010 23:50:37 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://citiwire.net/?p=2133#comment-1490</guid>
		<description>I was wondering the same thing...why the Red Wing, Minn. byline?</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I was wondering the same thing&#8230;why the Red Wing, Minn. byline?</p>
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		<title>By: Alex B.</title>
		<link>http://citiwire.net/post/2133/comment-page-1/#comment-1489</link>
		<dc:creator>Alex B.</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 13 Jul 2010 16:44:49 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://citiwire.net/?p=2133#comment-1489</guid>
		<description>What does this article have to do with Red Wing, Minn.?

Reply from Citiwire Management: There was a major presentation on the topic at a meeting of the Citistates Group in Red Wing.  Otherwise no connection.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>What does this article have to do with Red Wing, Minn.?</p>
<p>Reply from Citiwire Management: There was a major presentation on the topic at a meeting of the Citistates Group in Red Wing.  Otherwise no connection.</p>
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		<title>By: Joseph Minicozzi</title>
		<link>http://citiwire.net/post/2133/comment-page-1/#comment-1488</link>
		<dc:creator>Joseph Minicozzi</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 12 Jul 2010 18:30:58 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://citiwire.net/?p=2133#comment-1488</guid>
		<description>Micahel, that is a great point, but there are other things to consider in that assumption, and we did consider costs as well.  That is the basis of the original study.  

Regarding your assumption on cost, from a physical standpoint, the infrastructure (pipes, asphalt, concrete, wires) hit more people with less actual infrastructure when you consider density.  As an extreme example, think of a mile of pipe in Manhattan vs. a mile of pipe in suburban Tysons Corners.  The diameters may be different, but from a service aspect, you hit more people per mile with the same trench.  

&quot;Demand&quot; is just part of the issue, the bigger ticket item is the delivery system of that demand (ie: more land, area, lane miles, etc. to reach the same level of service) vs. the extra cost in burying a wider pipe.  That&#039;s a simple way of thinking about it, but a more detailed report was created by the Florida Dept. of Community Affairs back in the eighties.  They ran the numbers for various rates of density and found that the difference between a &#039;scattered&#039; suburban form and a &#039;compact&#039; urban form was (inflation adjusted)  $28k and $16k, respectively for &quot;cost of public infrastructure per dwelling unit&quot;.  I hope this helps.
Joe Minicozzi, AICP</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Micahel, that is a great point, but there are other things to consider in that assumption, and we did consider costs as well.  That is the basis of the original study.  </p>
<p>Regarding your assumption on cost, from a physical standpoint, the infrastructure (pipes, asphalt, concrete, wires) hit more people with less actual infrastructure when you consider density.  As an extreme example, think of a mile of pipe in Manhattan vs. a mile of pipe in suburban Tysons Corners.  The diameters may be different, but from a service aspect, you hit more people per mile with the same trench.  </p>
<p>&#8220;Demand&#8221; is just part of the issue, the bigger ticket item is the delivery system of that demand (ie: more land, area, lane miles, etc. to reach the same level of service) vs. the extra cost in burying a wider pipe.  That&#8217;s a simple way of thinking about it, but a more detailed report was created by the Florida Dept. of Community Affairs back in the eighties.  They ran the numbers for various rates of density and found that the difference between a &#8216;scattered&#8217; suburban form and a &#8216;compact&#8217; urban form was (inflation adjusted)  $28k and $16k, respectively for &#8220;cost of public infrastructure per dwelling unit&#8221;.  I hope this helps.<br />
Joe Minicozzi, AICP</p>
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		<title>By: LT</title>
		<link>http://citiwire.net/post/2133/comment-page-1/#comment-1482</link>
		<dc:creator>LT</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 10 Jul 2010 21:41:23 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://citiwire.net/?p=2133#comment-1482</guid>
		<description>This article makes sense, as higher density results in higher land values and coreesponding property taxes.  The flaw in the reasoning, however, is that if fails to take into account the net benefits per acre (revenues less cost of services).  It is well known that residential development uses much more in the way of services than commercial development. Residential use requires schools, police, social services, etc. that put a greater annual cost burden on the municipality.  So I think it is important  to look at NET economic benefit and draw conclusions from that.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>This article makes sense, as higher density results in higher land values and coreesponding property taxes.  The flaw in the reasoning, however, is that if fails to take into account the net benefits per acre (revenues less cost of services).  It is well known that residential development uses much more in the way of services than commercial development. Residential use requires schools, police, social services, etc. that put a greater annual cost burden on the municipality.  So I think it is important  to look at NET economic benefit and draw conclusions from that.</p>
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